For each mineral, here is the best ore to mine:

Tritanium - Veldspar, Spodumain, Scordite Arkonor, Omber, Crokite Dark Ocre, Hemorphite, Plagioclase, Kernite
Pyerite - Scordite, Spodumain, Bistot Plagioclase, Gneiss, Hedbergite Omber, Pyroxeres
Mexallon - Gneiss, Plagiocalse, Kernite Jaspet, Pyroxeres, Arkinor Spodumain
Isogen - Dark Ochre, Omber, Kernite Hedbergite, Gneiss, Hemorphite, Spodumain
Nocxium - Crokite, Hemorphite, Jaspet Hedbergite, Pyroxeres, Dark Ochre
Zydrine - Bistot, Crokite, Hedbergite Hemorphite, Jaspet
Megacyte - Arkonor, Bistot
Morphite - Mercoxit


Damage type to protect against:

Guristas - Kinetic & Thermal
Serpentis - Kinetic & Thermal
Mordus - Kinetic & Thermal
Blood - EM & Thermal
Sansha - EM & Thermal
Angel - Kinetic, EM, Thermal & Expl
Mercenary - Kinetic, EM, Thermal & Expl


Main damage type to shoot at the enemy:

Angel: All types, although mostly kinetic and explosive.
Amarr Navy: EM and thermal.
Ammatar Navy: EM and thermal.
Blood: EM and thermal.
Caldari Navy: Kinetic and thermal.
Centii: EM and thermal.
Coreli: Kinetic and thermal.
Corpii: EM and thermal.
Domination: All types, mostly kinetic and explosive.
Gallente Navy: EM and thermal.
Gist: All types, mostly kinetic and explosive.
Gurista: Kinetic and thermal.
Khanid: EM and thermal.
Mercenary: All types.
Mordus: Kinetic and thermal.
Odamian: Kinetic and thermal.
Pith: Kinetic and thermal.
Rogue drones: All types.
Republic fleet: All types, mostly kinetic and explosive.
Sansha: EM and thermal.
Serpentis: Kinetic and thermal.
Zazzmatazz: All types.